Actually, please explain the entire concept of Solvent Effects on Nucleophilicity. Please be specific on what we need to know. Thanks. (As opposed to protic solvents, aprotic solvents selectively solvate cations, leaving anions “untamed”. This reverses the nucleophilicity trend of anions in groups, such is from F to I - GS).

Please explain further what polar aprotic solvents are? (There are polar solvents with no protons acidic enough to create hydrogen bonds - GS).

Are nonpolar solvents aprotic? (Yes. - GS). What is the connection if there is any? (Protons acidic enough for hydrogen bonds, create polarity, but there are other sources of polarity - GS).

Please explain why diluting a system of Sn1 and Sn2 will favor Sn1 and why concentrating the same system will favor Sn2. (Because the reaction rate of SN1 is proportional to the total concentration, while the reaction rate of SN2 is proportional to the square of the total concentration. - GS).

Can you explain how you know which reaction will be more efficient in an E2 reaction? (Usually by Zaitsev rule in the anti-fashion, unless the alternative regio- and stereo-pathways have lower transition states. - GS).

Why are some bonds only partially formed? (Because it corresponds to the lowest energy of the system when the atomic nuclei are in the process of moving from one intermediate to the next one on the reaction pathway. - GS).

Is it true for majority of reactions that you can’t obstruct a Hydrogen from an alpha Carbon and it has to be beta? (Yes, beta-abstraction is preferred over alpha-abstraction - GS).