Is the a difference in the mechanism of bromination and nitration? (Yes, only on the step of the electrophile preparation, which also leads to a different by-product. - GS).

What is an Allylic Carbon/Carbocation? (It is a carbon bonded to a C=C bond and everything (positive charge, atoms) attached to that carbon. If that C=C bond is a part of an aromatic ring, the term switches to “benzylic”. - GS).

Can you please review how the strength of a nucleophile/base is affected by the solvent? (In a protic solvent, nucleophilicity increases as the size of the nucleophilic atom increases. In aprotic solvents and in vacuum, nucleophilicity follows the trend of basicity. - GS).

If HCl is involved in an SN1 reaction, is free radical propagation is needed? (No. It is a 2 step non-chain reaction: http://ochem.orgfree.com/sn1.html  - GS).

When talking about acidity and basicity of alcohols, does the equilibrium shift towards the stronger acid? (No. It is shifted from a stronger acid to a weaker acid. - GS).

How do you know when to use anti-markovnikov’s rule? (Markovnikov’s rule is used for addition of non-symmetrical reagents to non-symmetrical multiple bonds. Examples of anti-Markovnikov addition: hydroboration followed by oxidation, free radical hydrobromination. A specific reaction mechanism will tell you whether or not the reaction proceeds by the rule.  - GS).

How do you figure out which carbon is the alpha carbon? (The first carbon attached to a functional group. - GS).