Could you explain why we would want to attempt to remove an impurity of a water insoluble thiol from a water insoluble alcohol by washing with aqueous NaOH? (Thiols are more acidic than alcohols, so can be significantly deprotonated in an aqueous solution at pKa 14 or less. - GS).

^^^So would the same answer apply if the question was to attempt to remove an impurity of a water insoluble alcohol from a water insoluble ester? (No. pKa of alcohols are about 15. - GS).

What is the overall synthetic outcome of hydroboration of alkenes, followed by oxidation?” I know hydroboration is against Markovnikov’s rule.  Is the answer addition of water against markovnikov’s rule (Yes. - GS) or addition of boron in the syn-fashion against the Markovnikov’s rule? (No, because it is followed by oxidation. - GS).

^^^^^^Just out of curiousity what would the product be if this reaction (addition of water against the markovnikov's rule) took place assuming that the alkene was like ethene? (Ethanol, but for this example, the rule does not apply because both carbons have same number of hydrogens. - GS).

In general I was wondering is there a “clue” that allows you to tell whether the reaction is first order or second order, (Usually it is same as the number of particles interacting on the rate-limiting step. - GS). I can easily differentiate between E and S reactions and can also tell when its SN1 or Sn2 when the reaction is written out even if only partially written out but I sm still struggling with which is which “verbally”?  (The best illustration is given by U.CAN. - GS).

Is more branched more stable? (For the alkane chain - usually yes. - GS).

A good leaving group is a weak base correct? (Yes. - GS).

”Polymerization of which compound will produce a polymer with the following structure?” What is the answer and how did you get that? (Take out the repeating polymer chain fragment and complete the free valencies with double bonds. - GS).

How can you rotate around a pi bond in a butane molecule? (No, there is no such bond. - GS). I thought all bonds in butane are sigma? (Correct. - GS).