Professor Sereda, I was briefly skimming over some of the newly made learning supplements and I was wondering if you could explain why we have the differences in acidity between the different classes of carbonyl groups (eg. aldehydes, ketones, carboxylic acids, amides, etc.) Thanks. (Additional stabilization of the carbonyl group by conjugation with a lone electron pair decreases its activity, which includes  acidity, enolization, and electrophilicity. - GS).