if one p orbital of oxygen is excluded from participation in the hybridization does that mean that is sp2? (Yes. - GS). I am not sure if i understood this correctly is there any way you could explain how to do this and maybe give another example if possible? (If two p-orbitals are excluded, it is sp - GS). What do you mean by excluded? (Not contributing to the formation of bonding orbitals - GS). and how do you tell? (It is perpendicular to the bond. - GS).